NR 149.47(5)(e)
(e) Surrogates or internal standard recoveries exceed limits, unless the failures result from matrix interference, reanalysis is not required but the laboratory shall qualify the results of the affected samples.
NR 149.47(5)(f)
(f) When reporting results to the LOD, the concentration of each non-spiked target element in an interference check standard exceeds 10/3 their corresponding LOD for ICP analysis.
NR 149.47 Note
Note:
The examples for qualifying data listed in this section are common situations. Other situations may exist that could require qualification of data.
NR 149.47 History
History: CR 17-046: cr. Register February 2021 No. 782, eff. 6-29-21; correction in (2) (a) made under s. 35.17, Stats., Register February 2021 No. 782. NR 149.48
NR 149.48 Quality control requirements for chemical testing. NR 149.48(1)(a)
(a) A laboratory shall establish a quality control program that includes the analysis of appropriate quality control samples and quality control procedures that define their practices. These quality control procedures shall be used to assess all the following:
NR 149.48(1)(a)1.
1. The level of background contamination associated with the preparation and analysis of all samples.
NR 149.48(1)(a)4.
4. The bias contributed to sample results by all preparation and analysis steps.
NR 149.48(1)(b)
(b) A laboratory may not adjust or correct the sample results by the recoveries of associated quality control samples or surrogates unless otherwise allowed by method, regulation, or covered program. A laboratory may not subtract analyte concentrations found in method blanks from sample results unless otherwise allowed by method, regulation, or covered program.
NR 149.48(1)(c)
(c) A laboratory shall document deviations from the laboratory's quality system or exceedances of quality control samples. To the extent the department's data systems allow, the deviations shall be communicated with the results.
NR 149.48(1)(d)
(d) A laboratory shall establish procedures for identifying and documenting preparation batches that facilitate determining compliance with the frequencies of quality control samples required under this chapter.
NR 149.48(2)(a)(a) A laboratory shall determine the LOD for all tests performed except for any of the following:
NR 149.48(2)(a)1.
1. Biochemical oxygen demand and carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand.
NR 149.48(2)(a)2.
2. Tests for which analyzing a fortified sample is impossible or impractical.
NR 149.48(2)(b)
(b) A laboratory shall determine the LOD of an analyte annually by
40 CFR Part 136, Appendix B. All sample-processing steps of a method shall be included in the determination of a LOD.
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
Links to the
40 CFR Part 136, Appendix B can be found on the Wisconsin department of natural resources laboratory accreditation program website.
NR 149.48(2)(c)
(c) The LOD shall meet the regulatory limits required by the covered programs.
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
Exemptions to LOD requirements for specific compounds are provided on the Wisconsin department of natural resources laboratory accreditation program website.
NR 149.48(2)(d)
(d) The LOD shall be adjusted when the sample amounts used are different than those used for the LOD determination.
NR 149.48(2)(e)
(e) For tests exempted from performing an LOD under par.
(a), the laboratory shall establish a reporting limit, or an estimate of a test's sensitivity based on the intended use of the data for a given application.
NR 149.48(2)(f)
(f) The LOD shall be determined each time there is a change in a method or instrumentation that affects the sensitivity of an analysis.
NR 149.48(2)(g)
(g) For HRGC/MS technology, the estimated detection limit is defined in SW-846 8290A and is equivalent to the LOD.
NR 149.48(3)(a)(a) A laboratory shall establish the LOQ for all tests performed except for those exempted from an LOD under sub.
(2) (a).
NR 149.48(3)(b)
(b) The LOQ shall meet the regulatory limits required by the covered programs.
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
Exemptions to LOQ requirements for specific compounds are provided on the Wisconsin department of natural resources laboratory accreditation program website.
NR 149.48(3)(c)
(c) Except for ICP and ICP/MS single point initial calibrations, the LOQ shall be established as 10/3 the LOD or at the concentration of the lowest standard in the initial calibration. For ICP and ICP/MS, when single point initial calibrations are utilized, the LOQ shall be established as 10/3 the LOD or at the “lower limit of quantitation.”
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
The “lower limit of quantitation” is referenced in SW-846 6010C, 6010D, 6020A, and 6020B.
NR 149.48(4)(a)(a) Reporting limits are reserved for those analytes exempted under sub.
(2) (a) and shall be established based on a test's sensitivity and the intended use of the data.
NR 149.48(4)(b)
(b) For biochemical oxygen demand and carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand, the minimum reporting limit is 2 mg/L which is based on a 300 mL sample volume. When no dilution is equal to 300 mL, the reporting limit shall be adjusted based on the lowest dilution reported.
NR 149.48(4)(c)
(c) For total suspended solids, the reporting limit shall be determined using the following formula: Reporting Limit (mg/L) = 1000 / (sample volume filtered in mL).
NR 149.48(5)(a)(a) The laboratory shall process method blanks along with and under the same conditions, including all sample preparation steps, as the associated samples in a preparation batch.
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
Method blanks are not required for analysis of pH, alkalinity, acidity, conductivity, and solids determinations.
NR 149.48(5)(b)
(b) The laboratory shall process method blanks at a frequency of at least one per preparation batch up to 20 environmental samples. When samples are analyzed by methods that do not require a preparation step before analysis, a method blank shall be analyzed at the frequency of one per analytical batch up to 20 environmental samples.
NR 149.48(5)(c)
(c) Whenever the concentration of the method blank contains analytes of interest greater than the LOD, the laboratory shall evaluate the nature of the interference and its effect on each sample in a preparation batch.
NR 149.48(5)(d)
(d) The acceptance criteria for method blanks are analyte and sample specific and are established based on the highest of any of the following:
NR 149.48(6)(a)(a) Unless otherwise exempted by this subsection, the laboratory shall process an LCS at a frequency of at least one sample per preparation batch up to 20 environmental samples, along with and under the same conditions as the associated samples in a preparation batch. These conditions shall include all sample preparation steps, except for leaching procedure extractions.
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
TCLP leachates for metals analysis are fortified after the leaching step is completed and before acid preservation.
NR 149.48(6)(b)
(b) The laboratory shall fortify the LCS for the biochemical oxygen demand and carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand tests with a mixture of glucose-glutamic acid as specified in approved methods of analysis. The LCS shall be processed at a frequency of at least one sample per analytical batch for a laboratory that analyzes more than 20 samples per week. A laboratory that analyzes fewer than 20 samples per week shall analyze one LCS per week.
NR 149.48(6)(c)
(c) The laboratory is not required to process an LCS for tests for which analyzing a fortified sample is impossible or impractical.
NR 149.48 Note
Note:
An LCS need not be analyzed for the following tests: pH, solids determinations, chlorophyll a, and color.
NR 149.48(6)(d)
(
d) The LCS shall be fortified with the analytes specified by method, regulation, or covered program or all reported analytes, except as allowed in par.
(e).
NR 149.48(6)(e)
(e) For analyses of polychlorinated biphenyls, the laboratory shall fortify an LCS with at least one aroclor per preparation batch. For other tests that determine analytes with responses that encompass more than one chromatographic peak, as in the case of toxaphene and chlordane, the laboratory may fortify an LCS with a single multi-peak analyte per preparation batch. The laboratory shall ensure that all multi-peak analytes detectable by a method are fortified in an LCS at least once every year that any of those analytes are reported at a detectable concentration.
NR 149.48(6)(f)
(f) When the method, regulation, or covered program do not specify control limits, the laboratory shall evaluate LCS recoveries and generate in-house control limits, following exclusion of outliers with a statistical technique and using the mean plus or minus 3 times the sample standard deviation. Annually, the laboratory shall review its generated in-house control limits and update those limits whenever the performance characteristics change.
NR 149.48(6)(g)
(g) In lieu of using generated in-house control limits for the LCS, the laboratory may opt to use the CCV standard limits.
NR 149.48(7)
(7)
Selectivity. The laboratory shall establish procedures to confirm the detections of organic analytes determined by technologies that, unlike mass spectrometry or diode array liquid chromatography, do not provide a positive unique identification when a covered program requires it or when the history of a sample source does not suggest the likely presence of the detected analyte.
NR 149.48(7)(a)
(a) The laboratory shall develop and document acceptance criteria, which consider retention time shifts, for chromatographic retention time windows.
NR 149.48(7)(b)
(b) The laboratory shall document acceptance criteria for mass spectral tuning.
NR 149.48 History
History: CR 17-046: cr. Register February 2021 No. 782, eff. 6-29-21; correction in (2) (e), (3) (a), (4) (a) made under s. 35.17, Stats., Register February 2021 No. 782. NR 149.50
NR 149.50 Technology requirements. The purpose of this section is to establish minimum requirements that can significantly affect data quality but are not always clearly or consistently addressed in all approved methods.
NR 149.50 Note
Note:
The Department will take the applicability of these requirements into consideration when there are new approved methods or advancements in technology.
NR 149.50(1)(a)
(a) The environmental conditions for the analysis of biochemical oxygen demand and carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand shall be 17 to 23
°C.
NR 149.50(1)(b)
(b) When dissolved oxygen meters are calibrated using a water-saturated air or air-saturated water standard, the laboratory shall verify concentrations in mg/L of those standards by comparing those concentrations to the dissolved oxygen theoretical saturation point. The measured concentration shall be at or near the theoretical saturation point.
NR 149.50(1)(c)
(c) The laboratory shall use the theoretical saturation point, based on temperature and barometric pressure, on each day of analysis to assess supersaturation.
NR 149.50 Note
Note:
When barometric pressure and temperature measurement features are available on the DO meter, they should be taken from the DO meter.
NR 149.50(1)(d)
(d) The laboratory shall properly treat supersaturated samples before an initial dissolved oxygen measurement is performed.
NR 149.50(1)(e)
(e) When the laboratory uses pipets to deliver sample volumes, the tips shall be manufactured to be wide-bore.
NR 149.50(1)(f)
(f) When the laboratory analyzes multiple method blanks and glucose-glutamic acid
standards
in an analytical batch, each method blank and glucose-glutamic acid standard analyzed shall be assessed individually and associated to the entire analytical batch unless individual method blanks and individual glucose-glutamic acid standards are clearly documented to be traceable to specific groups of 20 samples.
NR 149.50(1)(g)
(g) The laboratory shall seed disinfected samples and nitrogenous demand inhibited samples.
NR 149.50(1)(h)
(h) The laboratory may not add nitrogenous demand inhibitor to the glucose-glutamic acid standard, to seed material, or method blanks.
NR 149.50(1)(i)
(i) The laboratory shall use sample volumes for dilutions that are sufficient to expect 2 mg/L depletion in at least one dilution.
NR 149.50(1)(j)
(j) When equipment with multiple dissolved oxygen probes is employed, the laboratory shall calibrate each probe. Sample records shall be traceable to the probe used.
NR 149.50(1)(k)
(k) The laboratory shall calibrate dissolved oxygen probes on each day of use.
NR 149.50(1)(L)
(L) The laboratory shall use local barometric pressure which has not been adjusted to sea level.
NR 149.50(1)(m)
(m) When determining residual chlorine, a minimum detection capability of 0.1 mg/L shall be met.
NR 149.50(2)(a)
(a) Except for inverse chemistries, the laboratory shall use calibration blanks in the initial calibration of colorimetric or turbidimetric analyses, and those calibration blanks shall be assigned the measured response.
NR 149.50 Note
Note:
High range chemical oxygen demand and hexavalent chromium are two tests where inverse chemistries are utilized.
NR 149.50(2)(b)
(b) When closed vials are digested using block digesters for total phosphorus, the laboratory shall perform the digestion at 150
± 2
°C for a minimum of 30 minutes.
NR 149.50(2)(c)
(c) When the laboratory uses sulfide strips, the sulfide strips shall have a minimum detection capability of 10 mg/L.
NR 149.50(2)(d)
(d) The laboratory may not dilute samples after the color reagent has been added to the samples.
NR 149.50(2)(e)
(e) The laboratory shall process hexavalent chromium standards the same as samples.
NR 149.50(3)
(3)
Electrometric assays (i.e. ion-selective electrode). When the laboratory performs electrometric assays, the laboratory shall perform an initial calibration on each day of analysis.
